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Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.

Summary
It is commonly known as Pointed gourd and belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae and is known as Parwal. The fruit is used as vegetable and is a good source of vitamins, minerals and bioactive compounds like Trichosanthin and Lectin; triterpenes like Cucurbitacin B, Euphol, A-amyrin, B-amyrin; saponins, tannins, alkaloids and sterols, etc. It exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity.

Mode of Consumption : Fried and boiled
Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.
Family: Cucurbitaceae Juss.
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Cucurbitales
Genus: Trichosanthes L.
Fruiting Season: February to September
Parts: Fruit
  • The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The North-Eastern Hill Region
  • The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Western Rajasthan Region
  • The Gujarat Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region & The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region
  • The Lower Ganga Plain Region
 Andhra Pradesh : Chedu Potla, Kommu Potla
Assam : Potol
Bihar : Parwal
Chhattisgarh : Parwal
Gujarat : Parwal
Tamil Nadu : Kambupudalai
Uttar Pradesh : Parwal
Uttarakhand : Parwal
West Bengal : Patol

Sliced Fruit


Fruit
Compound/Extract Activity Mode of Action Marker/References
ExtractAnti-inflammatoryIts extracts were found to inhibit COX-2, TNF-α and NF-κB in rodents. COX-2, TNF-α, and NF-κB[2]
Isolated compoundAnti-inflammatoryThe Anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds showed significant inhibitory activities on LPS induced NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages.NO[4]
Major Class Metabolites (Content of bioactives: mg/100g Fresh Weight)
PeptideTrichosanthin: [3]
TerpeneCucurbitacin B: , β-Amyrin: [3]
TriterpeneEuphol: , α-amyrin: [3]
Effect Observation DOI
Disease Formulation Reference Author TKDL
Expectoration of mucous / Excision, Carminative/Purgative, Antipyretic, Digestion of food / Suppuration of wound / Ripening of wound, PyrexiaDhanyapatolkwathya Cakradatta Translated by Indradeva TripathiAyurveda
Acute diarrhoeaGuddahadichikitchaya Bhaishajya RatnavaliEdited by Rajeshvaradutta Shastri, Translated by Ambikaduttashastri Ayurveda
Treatment of Gout, with Burning sensationPatolaradi kadha Sharangadhara SamhitaTranslated by Smt. Shailaja Srivastava Ayurveda
Gonorrhoea Patolaradi Kwath Sharangadhara SamhitaTranslated by Smt. Shailaja SrivastavaAyurveda
Information from Wealth of India Reference
  • The fruits are commonly used as vegetable in India and they are pickled and used in confectionery.
  • The vegetable is easily digestible and is said to be diuretic and laxative.
  • It is prescribed for patients suffering from the disorders of circulatory systems.
  • The fruits are reported to have some prospect in control of cancer like conditions.
CSIR(1976).The Wealth of India, Raw materials,Vol.-X ,P.289-290, New Delhi, India
4.2, 04.2.1, 04.2.1.1, 04.2.1.3, 04.2.2.3, 04.2.2.5, 04.2.2.6, 04.2.2.8
    CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
    CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India