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Solanum tuberosum L.

Summary
Potato is a tuber belonging to the family Solanaceae. It is a good source of flavonoid, phenolic acids and alkaloids such as Zeaxanthin, Catechin, Kaempferol, Chlorogenic acid and Glycoalkaloid. Potato shows anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties by quenching ROS, reducing CRP(C- Reactive protein) and IL-6 concentrations, decreasing inflammation by down-regulating the pro-inflammatory NFκB gene and activates caspase-3/7 apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S-phase; increases Bax and decrease in Bcl2/Bcl-xl, MAPK and activates PI3K/Akt/mTOR mechanism.

Mode of Consumption : Fried, boiled, cooked, and roasted (bharta)
Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Solanum tuberosum L.
Family: Solanaceae Juss.
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Solanales
Genus: Solanum L.
Fruiting Season: All round the year
Parts: Tuber
  • The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The North-Eastern Hill Region
  • The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • North-Western Mountain Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Western Coastal Region
  • The Western Coastal Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region & The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Lower Ganga Plain Region
 Andhra Pradesh : Bangaladumpa
Assam : Aalu
Bihar : Aloo
Himachal Pradesh : Aloo
Karnataka : Alugadde
Kerala : Urulakkilan
Tamil Nadu : Uralaikilangu
Uttar Pradesh : Aloo
West Bengal : Aalu

Tuber
Compound/Extract Activity Mode of Action Marker/References
Boiled potatoAntioxidative, Anti-inflammatoryBoiled potato quenches ROS, reduces CRP(C- Reactive protein) and IL-6 concentrations, decreases inflammation by downregulating the pro-inflammatory NFκB gene, which modulates cytokine production in immune cells.ROS,C- Reactive protein, IL-6 and NFκB gene[5]
Antioxidant extract of freeze dried potatoesAnticancerAntioxidant extract of freeze dried potatoes activates caspase-3/7 apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S-phase, increases Bax and decrease in Bcl2/Bcl-xl, MAPK and activates PI3K/Akt/mTOR mechanism.Caspase-3/7, BaX, Bcl2/Bcl-xl, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt/Mtor[6] [7] [8]
Major Class Metabolites (Content of bioactives: mg/100g Fresh Weight)
AlkaloidGlycoalkaloid: 0.7-18.7[4]
FlavonoidCatechin: 33-55, Kaempferol : 0-5.68, Zeaxanthin: 0.5-1.0[4]
Phenolic acidChlorogenic acid : 19-399[4]
Effect Observation DOI
In vitro studies Increased proliferation of Lactobacillus paracaseiDOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111445
Human clinical studiesResistant starch in potato contributed to prebiotic properties in CKD patientsDOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06009-1
Disease Formulation Reference Author TKDL
Information from Wealth of India Reference
  • Potato is antiscorbutic, aperient, diuretic and galactagogue.The tuber ground to a paste is used as plaster for burn.
  • Dried small tuber of potato is a common adulterant for Salep.
  • Potato starch is sometimes used as a substitute for arrowroot.
 CSIR(1972) The Wealth of India, Raw materials, Vol-IX, P. 400-426, New Delhi, India
4.2, 04.2.1, 04.2.1.1, 04.2.1.3, 04.2.2.3, 04.2.2.5, 04.2.2.6, 04.2.2.8
    CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
    CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India