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Solanum melongena L.

Summary
It is commonly known as Baingan and as one of the most common tropical vegetables grown in India. It belongs to the family Solanaceae and contains an array of biologically active compounds like phenols, including Caffeic acid, Quinic acid, Cinnamic acid, Chlorogenic acid, and flavonoids such as Nasunin and Quercetin. An extract of S. melongena (EPX) down regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory target genes (CXCL8, IL1B, ATF3, TRIB3, and RELA) activated by the NF- kB pathway. S. melongena also exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti- cancer activities.

Mode of Consumption : Fried, cooked and roasted (bharta)
Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Solanum melongena L.
Family: Solanaceae Juss.
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Solanales
Genus: Solanum L.
Fruiting Season: March to August
Parts: Fruit
  • The North-Eastern Hill Region
  • The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Western Coastal Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region & The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region
 Assam : Bengena
Bihar : Baingan
Karnataka : Badan, Gulle, Kaachil
Manipur : Khamen
Mizoram : Bawkhban
Nagaland : Pfhudi
Tamil Nadu : Kattiri
Uttar Pradesh : Baingan
Uttarakhand : Baingan

Fruit


Fruit


Fruit bearing plant
Compound/Extract Activity Mode of Action Marker/References
Dichloroacetate, 2-Deoxyglucose and a Hydroalcoholic Extract from the Skin of the FruiAnticancerDichloroacetate, 2-Deoxyglucose and a Hydroalcoholic Extract from the Skin of the Fruit of Aubergine induced selective anticancer activity against melanoma cells. [1]
Aqueous extractImmunomodulatoryIt inhibited immunologic and nonimmunologic stimulation mediated anaphylactic reactions and TNF-α secretion from mast cells.TNF-α[2]
Hexane and dichloromethane fractionAnti-inflammatoryThe hexane and dichloromethane fractions decreased the production of nitric oxide, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and prostaglandin (PGE2).NO and PGE2[5]
Ethanol and ethyl acetate extractAnti-inflammatoryEthanol and ethyl acetate extracts inhibited NO production and iNOS protein expression when tested using RAW 264.7 cells.NO and iNOS [6]
FlourAntioxidantThe hypoenergetic diet associated with Eggplant flour improved the antioxidant status in comparison to the placebo group. In metabolically healthy obese women, the eggplant flour reduced fat mass. [7]
Ethanolic extractAnti-inflammatoryEffectively inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and transcription of pro-inflammatory genes in A2E-laden ARPE-19 cells.NF-κB[10]
Major Class Metabolites (Content of bioactives: mg/100g Fresh Weight)
Carboxylic AcidChlorogenic acid: [3]
FlavanoidNasunin: , Quercetin: [3]
Flavonoid Solanoflavone: [3]
PhenolCaffeic acid: , Cinnamic acid: , Quinic acid: [3]
Terpeneβ-Amyrin: [3]
Effect Observation DOI
Disease Formulation Reference Author TKDL
Cough / Bronchitis, Dyspnoea Kasamardadikshaya SahastrayogaTranslated by D.V. PanditaraoAyurveda
Iatrogenic, Vomiting / EmesisLokanatharasa Vikarasantyopayasa RasaratnasamuchayyaTranslated by Indra deva TripathiAyurveda
Syncope/Fainting, Delirium, Pyrexia Dasamoola KudineerTherayar KudineerTherayarUnani
Information from Wealth of India Reference
  • They are used as vegetable.
  • They are also roasted in hot ashes, mashed and seasoned with salt, onion, chillies and lime juice or curds and mustard oil to make into bharta, a preparetion relished all over India. The brinjals may also be pickled.
  • Brinjals are recommended in liver complaints.
CSIR(1972).The Wealth of India, Raw materials,Vol.-IX ,P.383-390, New Delhi, India
4.2, 04.2.1, 04.2.1.1, 04.2.1.3, 04.2.2.3, 04.2.2.5, 04.2.2.6, 04.2.2.8
  • Combination of brinjal with fruits like cucumber, melon, and dairy products are not compatible.
CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India