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Raphanus sativus L.

Summary
Radish is commonly known as Muli. It belongs to the family Brassicaceae and is cultivated for its fusiform root-stock that is used as vegetable. Sinapoyl desulfoglucoraphenin, Sulforaphene, Sulforaphane, Oxalic acid, Malic acid, Malonic acid and Erythorbic acid are the notable bioactive markers. Vitamin C present in radish supports the immune system. Juice of R. sativuscould inhibit TNFα and IFN-γ induced mRNA expression levels of CCL17, CCL 27, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 gene.

Mode of Consumption : Salad, pickle, boiled or cooked
Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Raphanus sativus L.
Family: Brassicaceae Burnett
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Brassicales
Genus: Raphanus L.
Fruiting Season: March to August
Parts: Root
  • The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The North-Eastern Hill Region
  • The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Western Coastal Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Western Coastal Region
  • The Maharashtra Plateau Region & The Western Coastal Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region & The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Lower Ganga Plain Region
 Andhra Pradesh : Mullangi
Arunachal Pradesh : Mula
Assam : Mula
Bihar : Muli
Goa : Muju
Karnataka : Moolangi
Kerala : Molabham
Maharashtra : Mula
Manipur : Mula
Mizoram : Bul-uih
Uttar Pradesh : Muli
West Bengal : Mulo

Roots
Compound/Extract Activity Mode of Action Marker/References
Tunisian radish extract + ZearalenoneAntioxidant, ImmunomodulatoryZearalenone alone induced decrease in IgM and IgG concentrations which was normalized on combined treatment of Zearalenone (ZEN) + Tunisian radish extract (TRE).IgG and IgM[1]
Tunisian radish extract + ZearalenoneAntioxidant, ImmunomodulatoryTNF-α was found to be increased in an abrupt manner in TRE treated mice. Pre and co-treatment with TRE in ZEN-treated mice resulted in a decrease in the elevated levels of IL-1β.TNF-α and IL-1β[1]
Seed extractAnti-inflammatoryLPS stimulated increased levels of TNF-α and IL-6 was inhibited by seed extracts.TNF-α and IL-6[2]
Ethyl acetate fractionAnti-inflammatoryOral treatment with ethyl acetate fraction prevented LPS-mediated increase in serum TNF-α and IFN-γ levels.TNF-α and IFN-γ[2]
Active FractionAnti-inflammatoryR. sativus inhibited LPS-stimulated production of inflammatory mediators by suppressing p38 MAPK and NF-κB activation in mice.p38 MAPK and NF-κB[2]
Methanolic extractAnti-inflammatory, AntitumorThe methanolic extract has a significant inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglial cell line.NO[3]
Chloroform fraction of leafAnti-inflammatoryLPS-induced NF-κB activation in RAW264.7 cells was inhibited by chloroform fraction of leaf extract. It also inhibited the release of several inflammatory mediators from the macrophages, including iNOS, COX-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines.NF-κB[4]
JuiceAnti-inflammatoryJuice of R. sativus could inhibit TNF-α and IFN-γ induced mRNA expression levels of CCL17, CCL 27, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 gene in Cultured Human Keratinocyte (HaCaT cells).TNF-α, IFN-γ, CCL17, CCL 27, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8[5]
Major Class Metabolites (Content of bioactives: mg/100g Fresh Weight)
Isothiocyanate (Organosulfur compound)Sulforaphene: [3]
Organic compoundErythorbic acid: , Malic acid: , Malonic acid: , Oxalic acid: [4]
Sulfur compoundSinapoyl desulfoglucoraphenin: [3]
Effect Observation DOI
Disease Formulation Reference Author TKDL
Beneficial for throat, Cardio-tonic, RheumatismSaptamushtikayushaSharangadhara SamhitaWritten by Sharangadhara charya, Translated by Smt. Shailaja SrivastavaAyurveda
Cough / Bronchitis, Leprosy, Colic, Disease, GonorrhoeaAbraha ParpamMatchamuni perunool -800.CCRAS Publications. Chennai.(1985).AgasthiyarSiddha
Emmenagogue, and AbortifacientJoshanda Mudir-e-haizQuaraabaadeen Najm-al-GhaniMohammad Najmul Ghani KhanUnani
Information from Wealth of India Reference
  • Radish possesses refreshing and depurative properties.
  • Radish preparetions are useful in liver and gall bladder troubles.
  • In homeopathy they are used for neuralgic headaches, sleeplessness and chronic diarrhoea.
  • The roots useful in urinary complaints, piles and gastrodynia. A salt extracted from the roots is said to be used in stomach troubles.
CSIR(1982).The Wealth of India, Raw materials,Vol.-VIII ,P.367-373, New Delhi, India
4.2, 04.2.1, 04.2.1.1, 04.2.1.3, 04.2.2.3, 04.2.2.5, 04.2.2.8, 12
  • Radish should not be taken with bananas, raisins and milk.
CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India