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Pleurotus ostreatus Jacquin, Fries, Kummer

Summary

Oyster mushroom is a type of mushroom eaten as a vegetable belonging to the family Pleurotaceae. It is a good source of phenolic acids such as p-Coumaric and Ferulic acid. Oyster mushroom polysaccharides, syrup and powder shows anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activity by inducing apoptosis by DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, disruption of mitochondrial membrane, increase in NO levels and helps in maintaining CD8+ T lymphocytes levels, increase in IgG and IgA levels along with NK cells activity. Mode of Consumption : Fried or boiled

Plant Details/ Agro-climatic Zone/ Vernacular Name

Plant Details	Agro-climatic Zone	Vernacular Names	Pictures
Scientific Name: Pleurotus ostreatus Jacquin, Fries, Kummer Family: Pleurotaceae KÜhner Class: Agaricomycetes Order: Agaricles Genus: Pleurotus Fries, Kummer Fruiting Season: All round the year Parts: Mushroom	The Eastern Coastal Region The North-Eastern Hill Region The Middle Ganga Plain Region North-Western Mountain Region The Deccan Interior Region & The Western Coastal Region The Western Coastal Region The Deccan Interior Region & The Eastern Coastal Region The Upper Ganga Plain Region & The Middle Ganga Plain Region The Lower Ganga Plain Region	Andhra Pradesh : Oyster puttagodugu Assam : Ayster masrum Bihar : Seep mashrum Himachal Pradesh : Seep mashrum Karnataka : Oyestar mashrum Kerala : Muttucippi kun Tamil Nadu : Cippi kalan Uttar Pradesh : Seep mashrum West Bengal : Ayster masrum	Mushroom

Immunomodulatory Activity

Compound/Extract	Activity	Mode of Action	Marker/References
Water soluble polysaccharides of oyster mushroom	Anti-tumor	Water soluble polysaccharides of oyster mushroom induces apoptosis by DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, disruption of mitochondrial membrane and production of NO levels.	DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, nitric oxide (NO) and mitochondrial damage^[4]
Supplementation of mushroom syrup	Immunomodulatory	Supplementation of mushroom syrup helps in CD8+ T lymphocytes level maintainence and there was a decrease in CD19+ B lymphocytes, increase in IgG and IgA levels along with NK cells.	NK cells, CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD19+ B lymphocytes, IgG and IgA^[5]
Two capsules of mushroom powder	Immunomodulatory	Two capsules of mushroom powder increases number of NK cells and a stable phagocytic activity.	NK cells^[6]
Water soluble polysaccharides of oyster mushroom	Anti-tumor	Water soluble polysaccharides of oyster mushroom induces apoptosis by DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, disruption of mitochondrial membrane and production of NO levels.	DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, nitric oxide (NO) and mitochondrial damage^[7]

Metabolites

Major Class	Metabolites (Content of bioactives: mg/100g Fresh Weight)
Oxalate	Total Oxalate: 2.07mg/100g FW^[1]
Phenolic acid	Ferulic acid: 0.3mg/100g FW, p-coumaric acid: 0.11mg/100g FW^[2]

Prebiotic Activity

Effect	Observation	DOI
Human clinical studies	Increase in Bifidobacterium spp. and F. prausnitzii and production of butyrate	DOI: 10.1039/D0FO02581J
In vitro studies	Increased Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus counts	DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.11.021

Traditional Knowledge Digital Library(TKDL)

Disease	Formulation	Reference	Author	TKDL

Information compiled from Wealth of India

Information from Wealth of India	Reference

FSSAI Category

4.2, 04.2.1, 04.2.1.1, 04.2.1.3, 04.2.2.3, 04.2.2.5, 04.2.2.6, 04.2.2.8

Forbidden Combination

References

1 . https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313226719_Indian_food_Composition_Tables 2 . DOI: 10.1007/s00217-015-2580-1 3 . DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.09.004 4 . DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.064 5 . DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.11.020 6 . DOI: 10.1007/s00421-011-1837-z 7 . DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.09.004

CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India