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Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Willd.

Summary
Spiny gourd is commonly known as Kantola. It belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae. Its fruits are used as vegetable that has anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is a vegetable which is low in calories. Consumption of the fresh juice of the spiny gourd helps in regulating blood pressure. M. dioica mediated gold nanoparticles exhibited promising anticancer properties against different human cancer cell lines HeLa, MCF-7, and A549 cells.

Mode of Consumption : Boiled, fried
Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Willd.
Family: Cucurbitaceae Juss.
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Cucurbitales
Genus: Momordica L.
Fruiting Season: September-November
Parts: Fruit
  • The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The North-Eastern Hill Region
  • The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Western Rajasthan Region
  • The Western Coastal Region
  • The Gujarat Region
  • The South-Eastern Plateau Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Western Coastal Region
  • The Maharashtra Plateau Region & The Western Coastal Region
  • The South-Eastern Plateau Region & The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The Western Rajasthan Region & The Aravali-Malwa Upland
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region & The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Lower Ganga Plain Region
 Andhra Pradesh : Agakara, Karkotaki, A-kakara, Anga-kara-kaya
Assam : Bhat-kerela
Bihar : Kakora, Paroda, Kantola, Kheksi
Chhattisgarh : Kheksi
Goa : Phagil
Gujarat : Katwal, Kantola
Jharkhand : Kheksi
Karnataka : Madahagala-Kaya, Madavaagal, Madihaagalu, Kaarchi, Kande
Kerala : Venpaval
Maharashtra : Kartoli
Manipur : Karot
Mizoram : Maitamtawk
Odisha : Kankada
Punjab : Bharkarela
Rajasthan : Bara karela, Kankera, Kankoda
Tamil Nadu : Paluppakkay, Mezhuku-pakal, Pazhu-pakal
Uttar Pradesh : Parora, Kantola
West Bengal : Ghee korola, Kankrol, Bhat korola

Fruits
Compound/Extract Activity Mode of Action Marker/References
Momordica dioica mediated gold nanoparticlesAnticancerMomordica dioica mediated gold nanoparticles exhibited promising anticancer properties against different human cancer cell lines HeLa, MCF-7, and A549. The down-regulation of Bcl-2, Caspase-3, and -9 activities revealed that the AuNPs induced caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death in HeLa cells.Bcl-2, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9[2]
Male and female plant extractAnticancer, AntioxidantThe male and female plant extracts showed inhibition on breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines with IC50 values of 135.9 µg/ml and 86.56 µg/ml respectively. [4]
Aqueous extractAntidiabeticAqueous extract induced insulin secretion in Wistar rats.[5]
Major Class Metabolites (Content of bioactives: mg/100g Fresh Weight)
AlkaloidMomordicin: [1]
Fatty acidStearic acid: [1]
Flavonoid Catechin: , Quercetin: [3]
GlycosideCucurbitane: , Gypsogenin: [1]
Steroid3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl gypsogenin: , 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl hederagenin: , 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl gypsogenin: , 3β-O-benzoyl-11-oxo-ursolic acid: , 3βO-benzoyl-6-oxo-ursolic acid: , α-Spinasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside: [3]
TerpeneCucurbitacin S: , Hederagenin: , α-Spiranosterol hederagenin: [1]
TriterpeneMomordicaursenol: [1]
TriterpenoidOleanolic acid: [3]
VitaminAscorbic acid: [1]
Effect Observation DOI
Disease Formulation Reference Author TKDL
Information from Wealth of India Reference
  • Fruits are used as vegetable.
 CSIR(1962).The Wealth of India, Raw materials,Vol.- VI ,P.411-412, New Delhi, India
4.2, 4.2.1, 4.2.1.1, 4.2.1.2, 4.2.1.3, 4.2.2.2, 4.2.2.8
    CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
    CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India