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Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.

Summary
Sweet potato is commonly known as Shakarkand. It belongs to the family Convolvulaceae and possesses high nutritional value. It is rich in phenolic compounds, flavonoids and anthocyanins. It contains notable bioactive compounds like Aesculetin, Scopoletin, β-carotene and Umbelliferon. Sweet potato exhibits anti- inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti- cancer activities. Three kinds of polysaccharides extracted from I. batatas (purple sweet potato) exhibited in vitro and in vivo immune-enhancing activities which can stimulate immune responses of macrophages and positively regulate adaptive immunity by enhancing the production of immunoglobulins in mice.

Mode of Consumption : Boiled, fried and roasted
Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.
Family: Convolvulaceae Juss.
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Solanales
Genus: Ipomoea L.
Fruiting Season: All round the year
Parts: Root
  • The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The North-Eastern Hill Region
  • The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Gujarat Region
  • North-Western Mountain Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Western Coastal Region
  • The Western Coastal Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region & The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region
  • The Lower Ganga Plain Region
 Andhra Pradesh : Chilagadadumpa
Assam : Mitha Alu
Bihar : Shakarkand
Gujarat : Raktalu
Himachal Pradesh : Sakarkand
Karnataka : Sihi alugadde
Kerala : Madhurakillan
Tamil Nadu : Carkkarai Valli, Inipu urulaikillanku
Uttar Pradesh : Shakarkand
Uttarakhand : Shakarkand
West Bengal : Mau Alu, Mishti Alu, Ranga Alu

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Compound/Extract Activity Mode of Action Marker/References
PolysaccharideImmune enhancingThe polysaccharides positively regulated the adaptive immunity in both normal and immunosuppressed mice by augmenting the production of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM and sIgA).IgA, IgG, IgM, and sIgA[3]
Orange sweet potatoImmunomodulatory Decreased serum hepatic biomarkers such as γ-glutamyl transferase(GGT), Aspertate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) γ-Glutamyl transferase (GGT), Aspertate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)[6]
Purple sweet potato extractImmunomodulatoryAttenuated the decreases in T- and B-cell proliferation, antioxidant enzyme activities, and imbalance of the Th1/Th2 cytokines by LP-BM5 MuLV infection T- and B-cell, and Th1/Th2 cytokines[8]
Potao extractAnti-inflammatory Sweet potato extracts suppress the production of NO and proinflammatory cytokines, such as NF-κB , TNF-α, and IL-6, in LPS-induced macrophage cells. It exhibited reduction in the serum levels of interleukins IL-1β and IL-6 and nitric oxide.NO, NF-κB , TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β[11]
Major Class Metabolites (Content of bioactives: mg/100g Fresh Weight)
AnthocyaninCyanidin : 9.390000000000001, Peonidin : 7.34[1]
Carotenoidβ- Carotene : 0.02-1.58[1]
CoumarinAesculetin: , Scopoletin: , Umbelliferon: [14]
FlavonoidQuercetin : 0.46-8.94[1]
Phenolic acid3,4,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,4,5-triCQA): , 3,4-di-Ocaffeoylquinic acid (3,4-diCQA): , 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA): , 3-mono-Ocaffeoylquinic acid (Chlorogenic acid [ChA]): , 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4,5-diCQA): , Ferulic acid : 0.35-7.41[1]
Effect Observation DOI
In vitro studies Increase in Lactobacillus/Enterococcus and Bifidobacterium and decreased in Bacteroides/Prevotella , Clostridium histolyticum, and Eubacterium rectale/Clostridium coccoidesDOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15852
In vitro studies Increase in Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium animalis and increase in SCFAsDOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100614
In vitro studies Proliferation of Bifdobacterium bifdum, Bifdobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium infantis and Lactobacillus acidophilus and decrease in Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimuriumDOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23397-0
Disease Formulation Reference Author TKDL
Information from Wealth of India Reference
  • Aerial parts and tender shoots are used in poultices and leaves is a maturative cataplasm.
 CSIR(1985).The Wealth of India, Raw materials,Vol.-V ,P.238-247, New Delhi, India
4.2, 04.2.1, 04.2.1.1, 04.2.1.3, 04.2.2.3, 04.2.2.5, 04.2.2.6, 04.2.2.8
    CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
    CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India