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Cissus quadrangularis L.

Summary
Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Cissus quadrangularis L.
Family: Vitaceae Juss.
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Vitales
Genus: Cissus L.
Fruiting Season: All round the year; Flowering- June to December
Parts: Stem, Leaves
  • The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The North-Eastern Hill Region
  • The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Western Rajasthan Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region
  • The Gujarat Region
  • The Satluj-Yamuna Plain Region
  • The South-Eastern Plateau Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Western Coastal Region
  • The Western Coastal Region
  • The Aravali-Malwa Upland
  • The Maharashtra Plateau Region & The Western Coastal Region
  • The South-Eastern Plateau Region & The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The Western Rajasthan Region & The Aravali-Malwa Upland
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region & The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Lower Ganga Plain Region
 Andhra Pradesh : Nalleru, Nelleratiga, Vajravalli
Assam : Harjora lota
Bihar : Hadjod, Hadjora, Hadsarihari, Harsankari, Kandvel
Delhi : Hadjod, Hadjora, Hadsarihari, Harsankari, Kandvel
Gujarat : Chodhari, Hadsand, Hadsankal, Vedhari
Haryana : Hadjod, Hadjora, Hadsarihari, Harsankari, Kandvel
Jharkhand : Hadjod, Hadjora, Hadsarihari, Harsankari, Kandvel
Karnataka : Mangarahalli
Kerala : Cannalamparanta, Peranta
Madhya Pradesh : Hadjod, Hadjora, Hadsarihari, Harsankari, Kandvel
Maharashtra : Horjora, Harsankar, Kandavel
Odisha : Hadavhanga
Rajasthan : Hadjod, Hadjora, Hadsarihari, Harsankari, Kandvel
Tamil Nadu : Piranti, Vajjravalli
Telangana : Nalleru, Nelleratiga, Vajravalli
Uttar Pradesh : Hadjod, Hadjora, Hadsarihari, Harsankari, Kandvel
Uttarakhand : Hadjod, Hadjora, Hadsarihari, Harsankari, Kandvel
West Bengal : Har, Harbhanga, Hasjora, Horjora

Plant
Compound/Extract Activity Mode of Action Marker/References
Powdered dietAnti-inflammatoryCissus quadrangulris (CQ) fed mice had decreased TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels when compared to those of Lab chow sham operated or ovariectomized mice.TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6[1]
Active FractionAnti-arthriticActive Fraction (100 mg/kg b.w) inhibited the rat paw edema more efficiantly as compared to standard drugs Celecoxib and Methotrexate in Complete Freund's Adjuvant induced arthritis model in Wistar rats. [2]
Powdered dietAnti-inflammatoryCQ supplement reduced CRP levels reducing joint pain and inflammation in Men in pilot study.C-reactive protein (CRP)[3]
Plant extractAntioxidant, Anti-inflammatoryIn vitro-in vivo studies on Wistar rats revealed the extracts inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (intracellular/extracellular), TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 as well as inhibited cell proliferation, and stimulated the production of IL-10.ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10[4]
DietAnti-inflammatoryCQ diet downregulated gene expression of Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-15, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α, and PGE2 in Human articular chondrocytes.MMP-15, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α, PGE2[5]
Hydroalcoholic extract of stemAnti-arthriticHydroalcoholic extract resulted in dose-dependent reduction in serum TNF-α in adjuvant induced arthritis rat.TNF-α[6]
Ethyl acetate fraction of stemAntioxidant, Anti-inflammatoryTreatment of diabetic rats with ethyl acetate fraction of stem downregulated Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Alkaline phosphatise (ALP) activity compared with the untreated diabetic rats.AST, ALT, ALP[7]
Major Class Metabolites (Content of bioactives: mg/100g Fresh Weight)
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester: , Pentane,1,1-diethoxy- : [10]
Alcoholic compoundTetratriacotanol: [14]
AlkaloidCaffeine: , Quinine: [17]
Carboxylic AcidsDibutyl phthalate: [10]
Carotenoidβ- Carotene: [11]
Fatty acidHexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester: [10]
FlavonoidDaidzein: , Quercetin: [16]
HydrocarbonPiceatannol: , Resveratrol: [18]
Indane derivativePallidol: [8]
Lignan glycosideCissuside: , Cissusol: [12]
Lipid constituent and Fatty acidEicosyl Eicosanoate: [14]
Lipid constituents and Fatty acidsTetratriactanoic acid: [14]
Palmitic acidn-Hexadecanoic acid : [10]
Phenolic glycosideCissusic acid: [12]
Phytosterolβ-sitosterol: [11]
SteroidKetosteroid: [18]
Terpene24-methyl-dammara2,20,25-triene-1-one: , 24-methyl-dammara20,25-diene-3-one: , 24-methyl-dammara20,25-diene-3β-ylacetate: , Phytol: , δ-Amyrin: , δ-Amyrin acetate: [13]
VitaminAscorbic acid: , Vitamin C: [11]
Effect Observation DOI
Disease Formulation Reference Author TKDL
Bodily elemental tissue, Head , Ligament/s, Blood vessel, Disease with Vata predominance, Osteoarthiritis, Rheumatism, Kaphaja, Disease with Vata predominance, Immuno suppressive / Emaciating disease, Dyspepsia/Loss of appetite, Ankle/s, Knee/s, Thigh/s, Waist, Abdomen, Heart, Belly / Pelvic region, Axilla/e, Shoulder/s, Disease with Vata predominance, Jaw, Ear/s, Eyebrow/s, Forehead, Eye/s, Temple/s, Disease with Vata predominance, Urinary disorders / Polyuria, Dysuria, Colic, Tympanitis / Flatulence, Stone in Urinary Bladder / Urolithiasis / Urinary Calculus, Fat, Disease with Vata predominance, Torticollis, and Bodily elemental tissue, PyrexiaShothorarilohamBharata Bhaishajya Ratnakara - Vol.-VCompiled by Naginadasa Chaganalala Shah, Translated by Gopinath GuptaAyurveda
Oedema/Inflammation, Diseases of abdomen, Anaemia/Hyperbilirubinaemia, Jaundice, Chronic obstructive jaundice/Chlorosis, Piles/Ano rectal mass/Haemorrhoids, Perineal fistulas/Fistula-in-ano, Leprosy and other dermatoses, Pyrexia, and Abdominal lumpShothorarilohamBharata Bhaishajya Ratnakara - Vol.-VCompiled by Naginadasa Chaganalala Shah, Translated by Gopinath GuptaAyurveda
Brain tonic, Renal tonic, and AphrodisiacAbraha ParpamMatchamuni perunool -800.CCRAS Publications. Chennai.(1985).MatchamuniSiddha
Cough / Bronchitis, Leprosy, Colic, Disease, GonorrhoeaAbraha ParpamMatchamuni perunool -800.CCRAS Publications. Chennai.(1985).MatchamuniSiddha
Kaphaja, Ascites, Abdomen, Pain, Chest, PainPirandai VadagamTherayar KappiyamTherayarSiddha
Burning micturition, Gonorrhoea, Urethral Ulcer, Vesical Irritability, Anuria / Suppression of urine, Renal ulcers, and Ulcer/Ulcers, of Urinary bladderPirandai VadagamTherayar SekarappaTherayarSiddha
Indigestion, Ascites, Enlargement of spleen, Pain in Chest, TenesmusPirandai VadagamTherayar SekarappaTherayarSiddha
Chronic pyrexia, Cough / Bronchitis, Dyspnoea, Headache, and LumbagoPirandai VadagamTherayarKappiyam TherayarSiddha
Information from Wealth of India Reference
  • The powdered dry shoots are used in digestive troubles and the juice of the plant is said to be useful in scurvy.
  • It is also applied in cases of otorrhoea and epistaxis.
  • The stem is beaten into a paste and given to asthma
  • Fresh shoots are pounded applied for burns and wounds. An infusion of the plant is laxative.
 CSIR(1950).The Wealth of India, Raw materials,Vol.- II,P.184, New Delhi, India
4.2, 4.2.1, 4.2.1.1, 4.2.1.3, 4.2.2.8, 4.2, 4.2.1, 4.2.1.1, 4.2.1.3, 4.2.2.8
    CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
    CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India