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Cicer arietinum L.

Summary
It is commonly known as Chana and belongs to the Fabaceae family. Tender shoots are consumed as vegetable. Ferulic acid, Genistic acid, Rutin, Vanillic acid are some of the bioactive compounds present in it. Supplementation of diet with Chickpea reduced inflammatory response because of activation of NF-κB in the colon tissue and the decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and interleukin IL-18, while the expression of anti-inflammatory molecules IL-10, IL-22, and IL-27 increased indicating immunoboosting potential.

Mode of Consumption : Fried and cooked
Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Cicer arietinum L.
Family: Fabaceae Lindl.
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fabales
Genus: Cicer L.
Fruiting Season: December to February
Parts: Tender shoot
  • The North-Eastern Hill Region
  • The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region
  • The Gujarat Region
  • The Satluj-Yamuna Plain Region
  • The South-Eastern Plateau Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Western Coastal Region
  • The Western Coastal Region
  • The Aravali-Malwa Upland
  • The Maharashtra Plateau Region & The Western Coastal Region
  • The Western Rajasthan Region & The Aravali-Malwa Upland
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region & The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Lower Ganga Plain Region
 Assam : Boot 
Bihar : Chana 
Delhi : Chana 
Gujarat : Chania 
Haryana : Chana 
Jharkhand : Chana 
Karnataka : Kadale, Chana, Hasi kadale, Kadale kaalu, Karikadale, Kempukadale, Soppukadale
Kerala : katala
Madhya Pradesh : Chana 
Maharashtra : Harbhara, Chana, Chano
Manipur : Chana 
Rajasthan : Chana 
Tamil Nadu : Katalai, Canakam, Kadalai kadi, Mookkukkadalai, Narali, Nikantakacceti
Tripura : Boot 
Uttar Pradesh : Chana 
Uttarakhand : Chana 
West Bengal : Boot 

Plant with pods


Plant
Compound/Extract Activity Mode of Action Marker/References
Supplemented dietAnti-inflammatoryChickpea supplemented diet reduced inflammatory response, due to the activation of NF-κB in the colon tissue and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and interleukin IL-18) were decreased. Whereas, the expression of anti-inflammatory molecules (IL-10, IL-22, and IL-27) were increased.NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-18, IL-10, IL-22, and IL-27[1]
PolysaccharideImmunomodulatoryPolysaccharides enhanced NO secretion and cytokine (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) production in murine macrophages of RAW264.7. It improved the thymus and spleen indices in cyclophosphamide-induced immunodeficient mice. It increased the lysozyme activity, serum haemolysin, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver.NO, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, CAT, GSH-Px, T-AOC, T-SOD, and MDA[2]
Major Class Metabolites (Content of bioactives: mg/100g Fresh Weight)
Carboxylic AcidFerulic acid: , Gallic acid: , Vanillic acid: [3]
Flavonoid Rutin: [3]
Phenolic acidGentisic acid: [3]
Phenolic compound Syringic acid: , Luteolin: , p-coumaric acid: , p-Hydroxybenzoic acid: , Protocatechuic acid: , Salicylic acid: , Sinapic acid: , t-cinnamic acid: [3]
Effect Observation DOI
Disease Formulation Reference Author TKDL
Skin MarksGhusoolQuaraabaadeen Najm-al-GhaniMohd. Najmul Ghani KhanUnani
Rheumatism, chronicHalwa SibrQuaraabaadeen Azam wa AkmalMohd. Akmal KhanUnani
Nephritis, Ring worm, Malignant Ulcers, Scabies, Itch, Hoarseness of Voice, Diseases, predominance of Phlegm, Toothache, Gingivitis, Paralysis/Hemiplegia, Jaundice, Backache, Intestinal Worms/Helminthiasis, and Ascites.HimmasAl-Jaame'-li-Mufradaat-al-Advia-wal-Aghzia, Vol. IIZiya Al- Din Abdullah Ibn Al- BaitarUnani
AbortifacientJoshanda Musqit-e-hamalQuaraabaadeen Najm-al-GhaniMohd. Nazmul Ghani KhanUnani
Treatment of Burning micturition, and Ulcer/UlcersKhesanda Suzizsh-e-baulQuaraabaadeen Najm-al-GhaniMohd. Najmul Ghani KhanUnani
Ptyriasis Alba, Ptyriasis Nigra, ColdnessMajoon-e- SaumAl-Qaanoon-fil-Tibb, Vol. VAbu Ali Ibn SinaUnani
Treatment of Piles / Ano rectal mass / Haemorrhoids, and Non Bleeding Piles.Safoof HindiQuaraabaadeen Azam wa AkmalMohd. Akmal KhanUnani
Information from Wealth of India Reference
  • Tender shoots of the plant are used as vegetable.
  • The exdudation of the plant is useful in dyspepsia, indigestion and constipation. It is also useful in diarrhoea and dysentery.
 CSIR(1950).The Wealth of India, Raw materials,Vol.-II ,P.154-161, New Delhi, India
4.2, 04.2.1, 04.2.1.1, 04.2.1.2, 04.2.1.3, 04.2.2.1, 04.2.2.2, 04.2.2.3, 04.2.2.5, 04.2.2.6, 04.2.2.8
    CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
    CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India