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Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.

Summary
Cauliflower is a cruciferous vegetable belonging to the family Brassicaceae. The part of the plant that one consumes is the flower or inflorescence which is highly appreciated for its taste. It is an excellent source of vitamins and minerals and also a rich source of bioactives like - Glucosinolates (neoglucobrassicin, glucoiberverin), flavonoids (quercetin) and phenolics (p-Coumaric acid). It enhances the expression of apoptotic enzymes which possesses anti-cancer activity.

Mode of Consumption : Fried, pickled, used in soup
Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.
Family: Brassicaceae Burnett
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Capparales
Genus: Brassica L.
Fruiting Season: All round the year
Parts: Flowering head
  • The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The North-Eastern Hill Region
  • The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • North-Western Mountain Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Western Coastal Region
  • The Western Coastal Region
  • The South-Eastern Plateau Region & The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The Deccan Interior Region & The Eastern Coastal Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region & The Middle Ganga Plain Region
  • The Upper Ganga Plain Region
 Andhra Pradesh : Kaliflower
Assam : Phul kobi
Bihar : Phool gobi
Himachal Pradesh : Phool gobi
Karnataka : Hoo kosu
Kerala : Kaliflower
Punjab : Phool gobi
Tamil nadu : Kaliflower
Uttar Pradesh : Phool gobi
Uttarakhand : Phool gobi

Flowering head
Compound/Extract Activity Mode of Action Marker/References
Cauliflower extractAnticancerCauliflower extract helps in induction of estradiol metabolism and the related cytochrome P-450 system, expression of cyclin-dependent kinase-6 and induction of G1 cell and p53 dependant apoptosis cycle arrest.Cytochrome P-450, cyclin-dependent kinase-6 and p53[2]
Major Class Metabolites (Content of bioactives: mg/100g Fresh Weight)
FlavonoidKaempferol: 0.08 mg/100g, Quercetin: 0.07- 0.261 mg/100g[1]
GlucosinolateGlucoiberverin: 3.66-5.24 mg/100g, Indole-3-carbinol: 0.103-0.118 mg/100g, Neoglucobrassicin: 10.08- 19.91 mg/100g[1]
Phenolic acidp-coumaric acid: 72 mg/100g, Sinapic acid: 3.93 mg/100g, Vanillic acid: 4.18 mg/100g[1]
Effect Observation DOI
Human clinical studiesSignificant modification in quality and quantity of gut microbiota (Eubacterium hallii, Phascolarctobacterium faecium, Alistipes putredinis, and Eggerthella spp.)DOI: 10.3945/jn.109.108191
Disease Formulation Reference Author TKDL
Information from Wealth of India Reference
  • Cauliflower is used as vegetable in curries, soup etc and is also pickled.
  • It is also dried and preserved for use in the off-season.
  • Small seedlings are used as greens.
 CSIR(1948).The Wealth of India, Raw materials,Vol.-I ,P.220, New Delhi, India
4.2, 04.2.1, 04.2.1.1, 04.2.1.3, 04.2.2.3, 04.2.2.5, 04.2.2.6, 04.2.2.8
    CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
    CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India