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Vitis vinifera

Summary

India is the 7th largest producer of grapes in the world with 3,125,000 tonnes in 2020. Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu are largest grapes producing state in the country. Grapes belonging to Vitaceae family is generally harvested from May to July. Phenolics, flavonoids and stilbenes are major secondary metabolites present in grapes and resveratrol, rutin and Coumaric acid are the major bioactive compounds. Resveratrol has been reported to show antiproliferative activity. It inhibits the tumor growth, decreasing cell proliferation and expression of p-STAT3 in tumor tissues. Rutin a flavonoid had been reported to exhibit antiproliferative activity by decreasing Bcl-2, VEGF and increases the production of p53 and Coumaric acid has antioxidant property.

Mode of Consumption: Mostly consumed Raw, Used to prepare Juice, Jam, Pickles Dried fruits etc
Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Vitis vinifera L.
Family: Vitaceae Juss. Juss.
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Vitales
Genus: Vitis L.
Fruiting Season: February-March; November-January
Fruting Condition: Ripe
  • Eastern Himalayan Region
  • Southern plateau and Hills Region & West Coast Plains and Ghat Region
  • West Coast Plains and Ghat Region
  • Middle Gangetic Plains Region & Upper Gangetic Plains Region

 Assam : Angur, Angur
Karnataka : Drakshi, Drakshi
Maharashtra : Angoor, Angoor
Uttar Pradesh : Angoor, Angoor

Ripe grapes.


Ripe fruit with plant.
Compound/Chemical Immunomodulatory Activity Pathway Immunomodulatory Marker
ReservatrolReservatrol present in grape extract inhibits Amyloid beta(1-42) fibril formation.[2]
ProanthocyanidinAnti-inflammatory activityIt helps to increase the levels of IFN gamma and IL-12 in CD11c+ dendritic cells obtained from UVB-exposed wild-type mice but not dendritic cells from UVB-exposed XPA-deficient mice.IFN-gamma, IL-12[10
ProanthocyanidinIt helps to enhance in the repairing of UVB-induced DNA damage in epidermal dendritic cells.[7]
ProanthocyanidinAnti-inflammatory activityI helps to reduce the levels of IL-10 in dendritic cells.IL-10[7]
ResveratrolAnti-inflammatory activityInhibit the production of inflammatory factors through the activation of Sirt1.[2]
ResveratrolAntiproliferative activityInhibits the tumor growth, decreasing cell proliferation and expression of p-STAT3 in tumor tissues[2]
RutinAntiproliferative activityDecreses Bcl-2 , VEGF and increses the production of p53P53[3]
Major Class Metabolites
FlavonoidCatechins (flavan-3-ol)(Seed), Epicatechins(Seed), Epicatechin-3-O-gallate(Seed), Quercetin(Pulp), Quercetin(Skin), Kaempferol(Pulp), Kaempferol(Skin), Kaempferol(Seed), Hydroxybenzoic acid(-)
Phenolic AcidGallic acid(Pulp), Gallic acid(Seed), Gallic acid(Skin), Procyanidin B1-B4(-), Caffeic acid(-), Salicylic acid(-), Protocatechuic acid(-), Chlorogenic acid(-), Resveratrol(-), Ellagic acid(-)
PolyphenolAnthocyanins(Whole fruit)
TaninProdelphinidins(-)
Traditional Practice Diseases Plant Part Additional Knowledge
AyurvedaFever and coughSeed extractLower levels of neuropeptide Y, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein[15]
AyurvedaFever and coughSeed extractReduces oxidative stress induced by On-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery[16]
4.1, 04.1.1, 04.1.1.1, 04.1.1.2, 04.1.2, 04.1.2.1, 04.1.2.11, 04.1.2.2, 04.1.2.4, 04.1.2.5, 04.1.2.7, 04.1.2.8, 04.1.2.9
Incompatible with Milk and Yogurt
CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India