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Punica granatum

Summary

Pomegranate, commonly known as Anar in India is a sweet, tart fruit with a thick red skin and it contains many juicy seeds. It belongs to the Lythraceae family. It is found in almost all the states of India and has it own vernacular names. The red colour of the seeds in the fruit itself contains many bioactive compounds and is also known to have many health benefits. The fruit has high concentration of flavonoids, phenolic acids and flavones. It exhibits immunity boosting activities like anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity and so on. Ellagic acid, gallic acid and other compounds that are known to be present in the fruit is responsible for exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity such as inhibiting LPS-induced NO production, PGE-2 and IL-6 production in the body. It is also reported that the fruit helps the body to inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX2) and lipoxygenase by 69-81% approximately.

Mode of Consumption: Mostly consumed Raw, Used to prepare Juice, Jam, Pickles Dried fruits etc
Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Punica granatum L.
Family: Lythraceae J.St.-Hil.
Class: Magnoliopsida 
Order: Myrtales
Genus: Punica L.
Fruiting Season: July-September
Fruting Condition: Ripe


    Unripe fruits with plant.


    Whole fruit.


    Ripe fruits with tree.


    Fruit after cutting.
    Compound/Chemical Immunomodulatory Activity Pathway Immunomodulatory Marker
    Ellagic acid, Gallic acid and PunicalaginAnti-inflammatory activityThe compounds that are reported to be present in the fruit is seen to potentially inhibit LPS induced NO, PGE-2 and IL-6 productions.NO, PGE-2 and IL-6[1]
    PunicalaginAnti-inflammatory activityThe study of Punicalagin in Pomegranate showed that it helps to regulate NF-kB activation in cells.NF-kB[4][7]
    Major Class Metabolites
    Fatty AcidsQuercimeritin(Fruit)
    FlavoneCoumestrol(Fruit), Syringaldehyde(Fruit)
    FlavonoidQuercetin(Fruit), Quercetin-3,4-dimethylether-7-0-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl(1.6)beta-D-glucoside(Fruit), Quercetin-3-O-Rutinoside(Fruit), Quinic acid(Fruit), Myricetin(Fruit), Neo-chlorogenic acid (Fruit), Coumarinic acid(Fruit)
    LignanPunicic acid(Fruit)
    Phenolic AcidTricetin(Fruit), Isolariciresinol(Fruit), Catechol(Fruit), Gallic acid(Pulp)
    PolyolProcyanidin-B-1-2(Fruit)
    PolyphenolPentagallloylglucose(Fruit), Trigalloylglucose(Fruit), Arjunolic acid(Fruit)
    SugarDigalloylglucose(Fruit)
    TanninBeta-glucogallin(Fruit), Ellagic acid(Pulp), Punicalagin(Pulp)
    Traditional Practice Diseases Plant Part Additional Knowledge
    UnaniFever and inflammationFruitTretment for men with rising prostate-specific antigen following surgery or radiation for prostate cancer[9]
    UnaniFever and inflammationExtractTreatment chronic rhinitis and Chronic rhinosinusitis[10]
    UnaniFever and inflammationFruitIntake attenuates the increase in systemic oxidative stress and inflammation induced by intravenous iron during hemodialysis[11]
    04.1.1, 04.1.1.1, 04.1.2.11, 04.1.2.5, 04.1.2.6, 04.1.2.8, 04.1.2.9
    Incompatible with milk and other dairy products.
    CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
    CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India