Psidium guajava
Major guava producing states include Maharashtra, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Gujrat, Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. They are harvested between June to September. India is the largest producer of guava in the world with 21.8 million tonnes in 2019. Guava is a member of Myrtaceae family and it is rich in meroterpenoids, phenolic acids and flavonoids. Psiguajavadial A (1) and B (2) belonging to meroterpenoids has been reported to have antiproliferative activity by inducing apoptosis in human colon cancer cell line (HCT116 cells). Myricetin belongs to flavonoids group reported to have antiproliferative activity by Arrests the G2/M cell-cycle phase in HepG2 cells by inactivating the cyclin B/CDK1 complex by promoting the expression of the tumor suppressor protein and the CDK inhibitors p53, p21, and p27. Catechin another flavonoid has shown to have antiproliferative activity by inducing apoptosis through activating Caspase-9 and 3 downregulating Bcl-2 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in human HCC cells. |
Plant Details | Agro-climatic Zone | Vernacular Names | Pictures |
Scientific Name: Psidium guajava L. Family: Myrtaceae Juss. Class: Mangoliopsida Order: Myrtales Genus: Psidium L. Fruiting Season: June to September Fruting Condition: Ripe |
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Andhra Pradesh : Jāmapaṇḍu, Jāmapaṇḍu Gujarat : Jāmaphaḷa, Jāmaphaḷa Himachal Pradesh : Amarood, Amarood Karnataka : Sībehaṇṇu, Sībehaṇṇu Kerala : pērakka, pērakka Punjab : Amarūda, Amarūda |
![]() Ripe fruits with tree. ![]() Ripe fruits kept together. ![]() Single unripe fruit on tree. |
Compound/Chemical | Immunomodulatory Activity | Pathway | Immunomodulatory Marker |
Psiguajavadials A (1) and B (2) | Antiproliferative activity | Antiproliferative activity against hepatocarcinoma cell lines (HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cell lines), MCF-7, breast cancer cell lines. Induces apoptosis in human colon cancer cell line (HCT116 cells) | [1][6] |
Myricetin | Antiproliferative activity | Arrests the G2/M cell-cycle phase in HepG2 cells by inactivating the cyclin B/CDK1 complex by promoting the expression of the tumor suppressor protein and the CDK inhibitors p53, p21, and p27 | P53,P21,P27[5][6] |
Catechin | Antiproliferative activity | Suppressess the growth of human HCC cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of tyrosine-kinase receptor IGF-1Ri inducing apoptosis by activating Caspase-9 and -3 downregulating Bcl-2 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) | Caspase 9[5][6][7] |
Major Class | Metabolites |
Flavonoid | Myricetin(Whole fruit), Catechin(Whole fruit) |
Meroterpenoids | Psiguajavadials A (1) and B (2)(Whole fruit) |
Traditional Practice | Diseases | Plant Part | Additional Knowledge |
Fruit | Treatment of acute gingivitis[8] | ||
Leaf | Treatment acute infectious diarrhoea[9] |
Incompatible with milk and other milk products, fruits like Banana. |
CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India |