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Myrica esculenta

Also known as Kaphal/box myrtle,/bayberry is an underutilized fruit predominently found in Uttarakhand and Himachal pradesh. It belongs to the family Myricaceae and is harvested in the months of April and May. These berries are consumed locally and cannot be found other major staes of India. Kaphal berries have been reported to have anti-inflammmatory actvity, it can inhibit the activation of inflammatory factors such as HIF-1a, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, TNF-α, IL-6, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NK-κB) p65, thus protecting cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

Mode of Consumption: Mostly consumed Raw, Used to prepare Juice, Jam, Pickles Dried fruits etc

Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Myrica esculenta Buch.-Ham.
Family: Myricaceae L.
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fagales
Genus: Myrica L.
Fruiting Season: Apirl - May
Fruting Condition: Ripe
  • North-Western Mountain Region

Himachal pradesh : Kaphal, Kaphal
Uttarakhand : Kaphal, Kaphal
Compound/Chemical Immunomodulatory Activity Pathway Immunomodulatory Marker
Chlorogenic acidAnti-inflammatory activityChlorogenic acid has a strong antiinflammatory effect on arachidonic acid metabolism by inhibiting the activation of inflammatory factors such as HIF-1a, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, TNF-α, IL-6, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NK-κB) p65, thus protecting cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injuryHIF-1a, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, TNF-α, IL-6[2][1]
P-coumaric acidAntiproliferative activityp-Coumaric acid targets UPR activation by downregulating Grp78 in colon cancerNA[3][2]
Major Class Metabolites
Phenolic acidChlorogenic acid(Pulp), P-coumaric acid(Pulp), Chlorogenic acid(Pulp), P-coumaric acid(Pulp)
Traditional Practice Diseases Plant Part Additional Knowledge
04.1.1, 04.1.1
CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India