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Hylocereus polyrhizus

Dragon fruit is a newly introduced fruit in India, has been recently gained popularity because of its beautiful and attractive fruit colour, delicious pulp which has edible seeds embedded in it, has great nutritional and nutraceutical value and so on. It belongs to the Cactaceae family. it is well known to be a rich source of flavonoids that show cardioprotective activities and anti-inflammatory activities. It is also a good source of vitamin B (B1, B2 and B3) and fibers. The vitamins help to lower the bad cholesterol levels and to reduce the blood sugar levels in people with Diabetes type 2. According to other reports, it has potential to exhibit good antioxidant activity as analysed in DPPH, FRAP, ABTS and CUPRAC analysis methods. Recent researches have shown that, the fruit has very high number of polyphenols, in the peel and as well as in the pulp and along with that the pulp is associated with stable pigments like nitrogen containing betalains (betacyanins and betaxanthanin) which are water soluble. These colour pigments are reported to be of great importance in the health and pharmacological industry.

Mode of Consumption: Mostly consumed Raw, Used to prepare Juice, Jam, Pickles Dried fruits etc

Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Hylocereus polyrhizus Lem.
Family: Cactaceae (F.A.C.Weber) Britton & Rose
Class: Dicotyledonae
Order: Caryophyllales
Genus: Hylocereus Lem.
Fruiting Season: August to December
Fruting Condition: Ripe


    Ripe dragon fruits on display.


    Fruits with plants cultivation.


    Sliced fruits on display.

    Compound/Chemical Immunomodulatory Activity Pathway Immunomodulatory Marker
    Fruit extractAnti-inflammatory activityDragon fruit immunomodulatory activity affects the non-specific immune system by increasing macrophage activation and decreasing proinflammatory cytokines.TNF-alpha and IL-1beta[1][2]
    Betalains group of compoundsAntioxidant acitvityThe fruit extract showed potent antioxidant activities with the FTC, ABTS and TBA assays. Betalains groups of compounds acted as an inducer of endogenous cellular enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanisms and as a free radical scavenger. Nrf2, HO-1, PON1[1][2][4][5]
    Major Class Metabolites
    BetalainsBeta cyanins(Flesh), Beta xanthins(Flesh)
    FlavonoidCatechin(Flesh), Quercetin(Flesh), Epicatechin(Flesh), Epigallocatechin gallate(Flesh), Procyanidin B1(Flesh), Procyanidin B2(Flesh), Kaempferol 3-glucoside(Flesh), Quercetin 3-glucoside(Flesh), Rutin(Flesh)
    GlycosideCyanidin 3-glucoside(Flesh), Delphinidin 3-glucoside(Flesh), Pelargonidin 3-glucoside(Flesh)
    Phenolic acidCaffeic acid(Flesh), Ferulic acid(Flesh), Protocatechuic acid(Flesh), p-coumaric acid(Flesh), Sinapic acid(Flesh), Vanillic acid(Flesh), Gallic acid(Flesh), O-coumaric acid(Flesh), t-cinnamic acid(Flesh), Syringic acid(Flesh)
    Sterolγ-sitosterol (Flesh)
    TriTerpenoidβ-amyrin(Flesh), α-amyrin(Flesh)
    Traditional Practice Diseases Plant Part Additional Knowledge
    04.1.2.12, 04.1.1, 04.1.1.1, 04.1.2.5, 04.1.2.8, 04.1.2.9
    Incompatible with Milk and Yogurt

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    CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
    CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India