Garcinia xanthochymos
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The yellow mangosteen is also known as Garcinia xanthochymus. It was found in India, southern China, and Japan through Indochina to Peninsular Malaysia. It was locally known as defol in Bengal, tepor tenga in Assamese, and heirangoi in Manipur. In these plants, flowers are greenish white, monoecious in a dense cluster of 4-10 with a diameter of 1.3 cm. Fruits are yellow 5 cm to 8.9 cm in diameter containing yellow flesh and around five seeds. Seeds are oblong and brown. The plants bloom between March and May, and fruit forms between August and November. |
| Plant Details | Agro-climatic Zone | Vernacular Names | Pictures |
| Scientific Name: Garcinia xanthochymos L. Family: Clusiaceae Hook. f. ex T. Anderson Class: Dicotyledons Order: Malpighiales Genus: Garcinia L. Fruiting Season: August to November. Fruting Condition: Ripe |
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Assam : Tepor tenga Manipur : Heirangoi West Bengal : Defol |
| Compound/Chemical | Immunomodulatory Activity | Pathway | Immunomodulatory Marker |
| Flavonoid and xanthone moites | Anti-oxidant activity | Pure molecules were reduced the free radical scavenging activity by DPPH assay | TNF-alpha[2] |
| Gambogenone, xanthochymol, guttiferone E, cycloxanthochymol, isoxanthochymol, alloathyriol 3,8-biapigenin, fukugetin, fukugiside, volkeniflavon | Anti-oxidant activity | Isolated pure molecules were showed potent radical scavenging activity | TNF-alpha[2] |
| Major Class | Metabolites |
| Benzophenone derivatives | Isogarcinol(Flesh ) |
| Fatty acid derivatives | Linoleic acid(Flesh ) |
| Flavonoid | Morelloflavone(Flesh ), Volkensiflavone(Flesh ) |
| Long chain fatty acid derivative | Stearic acid(Flesh ), Palmitic acid(Flesh ), Palmitoleic acid(Flesh ), Oleic acid(Flesh ) |
| Monoterpenoid | Isoxanthochymol(Flesh ) |
| Polyunsaturated fatty acid | Linolenic acid(Flesh ) |
| Xanthone derivatives | Euxanthone(Flesh ), 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone(Flesh ), 1,3,5-trihydroxyxanthone(Flesh ) |
| Traditional Practice | Diseases | Plant Part | Additional Knowledge |
| 04.1.2.12 |
| Incompatible with Milk, Curd and cheese |
| CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India |