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Garcinia pedunculata

Bar-thekera, also can be called Bor-thekera is a very popular and valued minor fruit in the region of North-east India. It belongs to the Clusiaceae family. This fruit is a threatened species as it is an important medicinal crop and due to the presence of many beneficial bioactive compounds like phenolic acids, flavonoids and acids like Hydroxy citric acid (HCA). Studies have reported that the fruit comprises of many other important acids like malic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid and tartaric acid. As reported the fruit has very high antioxidant activity potential showing high free radical scavenging activity in DPPH analysis due to the presence of the phenolic acids. There are limited resources and studies performed with the fruit, although from ancient times this fruit have been seen to be used in various practices of pharmacology and health related activities. Also, according many reports, it is seen that the consumption of this fruit helps to boost the immunity.

Mode of Consumption: Mostly consumed Raw, Used to prepare Juice, Jam, Pickles Dried fruits etc

Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Garcinia pedunculata Roxb. ex Buch.-Ham.
Family: Clusiaceae Lindl.
Class: Magnoliopsida 
Order: Malpighiales
Genus: Garcinia L.
Fruiting Season: July-September
Fruting Condition: Ripe
  • Southern plateau and Hills Region & East Coast Plains and Hills Region
  • Eastern Himalayan Region
  • Lower Gangetic Plains Region

Arunachal Pradesh : Tabing-asing
Assam : Bor-thekera, Tikul, Tikur
Meghalaya : Ampri-arong, Dieng-soh-danei, Soh-lyntraw
West Bengal : Tikur

Ripe fruits on display.


Unripe fruits.

Compound/Chemical Immunomodulatory Activity Pathway Immunomodulatory Marker
Fruit extractAntihyperglycemic activityThe methanolic extract of the fruit when administered orally, elevates insulin levels and decreases HbA1c, restores lipid levels and stimulates the tissue Antioxidant activity enymes.[1]
Fruit extractAntioxidant activityDried extract of the fruit shows potential Antioxidant activity against DPPH and H2O2 free radicals[1][2]
Major Class Metabolites
BenzophenonePedunculol(Dry Fruits), Isogarcinol(Dry Fruits), Garcinol(Dry Fruits)
TriterpeneOlenolic Acid(Peel)
XanthoneDulxanthone A(Peel), Garbogiol(Peel), Pedunxanthone A(Peel), Pedunxanthone B(Peel), Pedunxanthone C(Peel), Pedunxanthone D(Pericarp), Pedunxanthone E(Pericarp), Pedunxanthone F(Pericarp), 6-O-demethyloliverixanthone(Pericarp), Fuscaxanthone A(Pericarp), Cowanin(Pericarp), Norcowanin(Pericarp), Cowanol(Pericarp), α-mangostin(Pericarp), Mangostanol(Pericarp), 3-isomagostin(Pericarp), 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone(Pericarp)
Traditional Practice Diseases Plant Part Additional Knowledge
4.1, 04.1.1, 04.1.2.3
Incompatible with dairy products and other acidic fruits such as Grapes, Amla and Papaya etc.

CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India