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Ficus carica

Summary

Figs are nutritious fruits distributed in many regions of India and other countries, belonging to the Moraceae family. the fruits are known to be rich in nutrients such as potassium, calcium, vitamins and dietary fibers etc. Additionally, they are an excellent source of minerals and bioactive compounds which exhibits antioxidant properties. Compounds such as Vitamin C, Tocopherols, carotenoids and phenolic acids present in the fruit are reported to inhibit the ROS production in the cells. On the other hand, it is also reported to exhibit anti-hyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities. The consumption of this fruit in a periodic manner helps to inhibit the activities of the enzymes such as alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase in the body. The fruit also has potential to exhibit anti-inflammatory activities such as in inducing the cytokine production (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) in the cells and helping to induce lymphocyte proliferation in the body.

Mode of Consumption: Mostly consumed Raw, Used to prepare Juice, Jam, Pickles Dried fruits etc
Plant Details Agro-climatic Zone Vernacular Names Pictures
Scientific Name: Ficus carica L.
Family: Moraceae Gaudich.
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Rosales
Genus: Ficus Tourn. ex L.
Fruiting Season: May to June
Fruting Condition: Ripe


    Unripe fruits on tree.


    Ripe fruits on tree.


    Single ripe fruit on tree.
    Compound/Chemical Immunomodulatory Activity Pathway Immunomodulatory Marker
    Antioxidant acitvityFruit extract inhibited the chemiluminescence of lucigenin and ROS production and differed from each other according to the concentration of the sample and the incubation time. ROS[3]
    Fruit extractAntihyperglycemic activityIt inhibited the activities of the enzymes α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase. It reduce the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates and lipids and also to reduce significantly the blood glucose and body fat levels.Alpha amylase and glucosidase inhbitions[1]
    Fruit extractAnti-inflammatory activityThe test drugs of the fruit extract was seen to induce cytokine production (including IL-6 and TNF- alpha) and also induces lymphocyte proliferation in a dose dependent manner.IL-6, TNF-alpha[3]
    Major Class Metabolites
    -4,6-O-benzylidene-D-glucose(Whole fruit), 24-methylenecycloartano(Whole fruit), 4-methylpyridine(Whole fruit), Acetaldehyde(Whole fruit), Acetic acid(Whole fruit), Alpha-bourbonene(Whole fruit), Epoxylinalool(Whole fruit), Terpinolene(Whole fruit), Alpha-caryophyllene(Whole fruit), Betulol(Whole fruit), Biochanin A(Whole fruit), Cyanidin-3-rhamnoglucoside (C3R)(Whole fruit)
    AcyloinsAcetoin(Whole fruit)
    Amino acidDL-alanine-15N(Whole fruit)
    Carboxylic acid estersCalotropenyl acetate(Whole fruit), 2-methylbutyle acetate(Whole fruit)
    CoumarinBergapten(Whole fruit), Nodakenetin(Whole fruit), Psoralen(Whole fruit)
    FlavonoidQuercetin(Whole fruit), Quercetin-3-O-glucoside(Whole fruit), Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside(Whole fruit)
    GlycosideOleanolic acid(Whole fruit)
    Phenolic acid3-O-caffeoylquinic acid(Whole fruit), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid(Whole fruit), Quinin acid(Whole fruit)
    SterolTaraxasterol(Whole fruit), Lupeol(Whole fruit), Beta-sisterol(Whole fruit), Lanosterol(Whole fruit), Lupeol acetate(Whole fruit), 6-O-acyl-beta-D-glucosyl-beta-sitoSterol(Whole fruit)
    TerpenoidLimonene(Whole fruit), Germacrene D(Whole fruit), Cadinene(Whole fruit), Luteolin(Whole fruit), Alpha-guaiene(Whole fruit), Alpha-calacorene(Whole fruit)
    Traditional Practice Diseases Plant Part Additional Knowledge
    04.1.2.12
    Incompatible with Milk and Yogurt
    CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-6, Assam, India
    CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-61,Himachal Pradesh, India